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I thought I might clear up a bit of confusion and misleadings about magicians. There are probably an infinite number of different kinds, but here are as many as I can think of now, and the most common and best definition of each as I could find. Please feel free to post corrections or additions to definitions and kinds of magicians.

NOTE: 'mana' is a 'gift' of magic abilites mysteriously bestowed on one by an unknown source. One with mana can cast spells and do magic, but also some inanimate objects may have mana in them which are often used as potions to take the place of spells cast by people pre-possesing mana.

Magic Users
Magician: Mostly a term for any person that uses magic, which is the neutral power of nature, and possesses the gift of mana.
Magus: Usually a beginner magician or sometimes synonymous with Mage & Magi.
Magi: Synonymous with Magus and Mage.
Mage: A magician less powerful than a Wizard, and/or one who uses basic elemental magic.
Elementalist/Elementor: A magician who uses soley the power of the elements, and is able to extract more advanced uses from the elements, as well. Similar to a mage, but more powerful, yet does not possess the non-elemental powers of a mage.
Wizard: A slightly more advanced Mage, who can use elemental magic, as well as many other arcane spells
Enchanter: A magician who can "buff" armors, weapons, items, sometimes people even, and they can cause certain limited effects against enemies. Some powerful Enchanters can even cause magical items to just appear, or convince animals to do his/her bidding.
Battle-Mage: A Mage trained purely for fighting on a battlefield, though not always just a Mage, can possess a Wizard's power, and use arcane spells.
Summoner: A magician who can summon creatures to help him/her in battle, some powerful ones can even summon creatures from an alternate reality or dimension.
Enhancer: A magician who actually prefers to use melee or ranged weapons, and enchants, enhances, creates them or makes magical effects using them. He is usually an all around but good ranged and melee warrior, but is made almost unstoppable by his magical enhancements and loves the heat of battle.
Witch: A female magician who boils certain items to get the mana out of them to use it to cast spells, because she does not have mana herself. Can be powerful if resources are plentiful, though the limited resources, preparation time, and the required perfect circumstances are usually her weakness. She is considered a Magician because she uses mana, even though she does not possess it.
Spell-Weaver: Practically a Witch, but usually more powerful, and uses purely chants and magic-words to create almost unbreakable and devestating curses. These usually take much more time to cast, but have redeeming payoff in their sheer power.
Convoker: A magician who can fuse objects or creatures together, using only their attributes and advantages. Very powerful ones can even fuse people together, or themselves with animals to create were-creatures.
Evoker: A magician with the power of summoning creatures, people, objects, and can also draw the power out of an item to use it, and can drain power and energy from a creature or person to weaken them, and strengthen himself/herself.
Doombringer: Uses dark magic for aid in battle, but mostly uses a scythe. Looks like a grim reaper.
Archmage: Pretty much THE most powerful of all mana-users, not being a traditional mage, with only elemental powers, but similar to a Wizard, though having an even greater range of effects, powers, and overall strength of spells. Able to even teleport and predict the future.

Mantis
Mantist: Plural is Mantis. A Mantist is someone who has bound themselves to something, such as an element or creature. This focus gives them great power in that one thing, though they are unable to perform any other type of magic. Mantis are not nessesarily magic users; they may just be normal people who have been fused to something by someone or something else, and have that objects power. Mantis almost always have the suffix -mancer at the end of their title. Some examples are as follows:
Dracomancer: A person (not neccesarily a magician) of the cult of Dracomancers, who live with and speak with the dragons, learning their secrets, utilizing their powerful magics, are able to summon them, and some even make themselves kindred to dragons by advanced shapeshifting.
Pyromancer: One of the most common battle-mancers, a Pyromancer is often a wizard who uses soley the power of fire to combat his enemies, though sometimes using it for other purposes as well.
Cryomancer: A Wizard who utilizes the powerful effects of ice and the cold as his sole/primary element, or has been fused to it.
Aquamancer: A water-Wizard, or one bound with the powers of water.
Geomancer: A Wizard who uses the power of the earth and ground, or one who has been fused with the powers of earth.
Technomancer: A Wizard who uses the powers of energy, OR someone who uses technology in a medieval setting, which the people can only assume is magic.
Skymancer(?)Atmosmancer(?): A Wizard with power over air, and wind.
Necromancer: An extremely powerful magic-user, who uses the devestating element of darkness, but mostly his/her superior summoning and reanimating abilities of raising undead and zombies, also able to drain life from an enemy and into one's self.
Romance-mancer/Ro-mancer: An extremely rare cult of Wizards devoted to aiding cupids on Valentine's Day.
Spidermancer: A cult of creatures that are one-third spider, one-third human, and one third DOOOM!!!!. Their only real use of magic was that which fused their parts together.
Puzzlemancer: It's what I am, and it's the bestest of 'em all! Muahahahaha!!!!!

Psionists
Psionist: A general term used for those who create supernatural effects through the use of telekenesis and/or telepathy. This power cannot be aquired, and is only a talent given at birth. A psionist does not run out of mana, but must be able to focus hard on one task at a time, cannot cast spells that sustain themselves (such as traps, advanced wards, or enhancements), and faces the possibility of mental exhaustion, should he be overwhelmed.
Sage: An experienced Psionist, having great power over all psionics, including elements, plus future-telling abilites.
Mesmer: A Psionist who cannot stand to live in a precreated reality, and therefor prefer to create their own. Very powerful, they can tap into the power of reality itself to tweak it, and can also controll the senses of their enemies, and some extra-powerful Mesmers can even take controll of their enemy.
Illusionist: A magician or Psionisist who can affect their enemies senses, rather like a weaker and more limited Mesmer.
Psychipher: A psionisist (a person who uses mental abilities or Telekenesis, rather than regular mana-magics) who attempts to immitate mana-magic and create physical effects using psychic powers, rather than mental effects.

Spiritualists
Spiritualist: One who gets their power from a deity or deities, or spirits. Some are born with an advanced ability of this, but most often, it is learned by a normal human being. There is no limit in the power, other than what that deity or spirit should allow. Therefore, a Spiritualist is often called The Hand of God.
Warlock: A male witch, OR a powerful magician who is clearly consumed by evil and darkness and battles to win at any cost, using stealth and summoned demons. Daggers are a prefered weapon of Warlocks. They are considered both Spiritualists, and Magicians.
Sorcerror: A Spiritualist/magician who calls upon mighty demons and spirits to aid him/her, also able to cast other certain limited spells himself/herself.
Shaman: A person who uses a mix of pre-possessed mana powers, and potions and/or rituals and/or invoking supernatural power from a supposed god/gods, with effects usually being curses. Often Shaman just purely evoke supernatural powers.
Monk: A Monk is often classified as the most basic kind of Spiritualist, using the power of his supposed god/s to heal and protect allies, and smite unholy enemies.
Priest: Sometimes a Priest is classified as one who uses holy magic to smite evil, dark, and undead creatures and to heal and protect allies. A Priest is more powerful and experienced than a Monk. Priests rarely EVER have or use pre-possessed mana, and pray to a supposed god/gods for aide.
Druid: A Druid is not a magician, but can use the power of nature and animals, through nature spirits, making him a kind of Spiritualist. Having controll over fire, earth, plants and animals, and being good hunters and warriors, they can be very devestating and dangerous enemies. Some have such a kindred with nature that they can take on the form of various things from nature such as trees, animals, and can become were-creatures.
Paladin: A Paladin could be classified as a light magician, because they are the primary, if not sole, users of light magic. Yet, they could also be called Spiritualists, because a Paladin is bound to a deity. Paladins are great, powerful, and accomplished warriors whose strength and weapon-mastery is almost flawlessly complemented by healing, defensive, and light magic and/or prayers.
Invoker: One whose power comes purely from supposed gods for devastating effects. If the gods listen to him/her, an Invoker has the potential to be one of the most devastating and effective supernatural power users, for both damaging effects, and passive effects, and can do most anything, but Invokers usually use the devastating and damaging effects of their deities.


I hope you enjoy my guide! I'm sure there's more to add, so I'll be updating.