Memory is the ability to retain information over time through three processes: encoding, storing and retrieving. Memories are not copies but representations of the world that vary in accuracy and are subject to error and bias.
Encoding refers to making mental representations of information so that it can be placed into our memories.
Storing is the process of placing encoded information into relatively permanent mental storage for later recall.
Retrieving is the process of getting or recalling information that has been placed into short-term or long-term storage.
Sensory memory refers to an initial process that recieves and holds environmental information in its raw form for a brief period of time, from an instant to several seconds.
Short-term memory, also called working memory, refers to another process that can hold only a limited amount of information-an average of seven items-for only a short period of time-2 to 30 seconds.
Long-term memory refers to the process of storing almost unlimited amounts of information over long periods of time.
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